The concept and working principle of heat pumps
The air energy heat pump water heater is an innovative generation of hot water equipment, which is an efficient device for collecting and transferring heat. It uses electrical energy to drive the heat pump, consisting of the compressor, electronic expansion valve, drying filter, four-way valve, evaporator, sleeve condenser, fan and other main components in the heat pump device. It successfully applies the inverse Carnot principle, and the compressor sucks in low-temperature and low-pressure gas refrigerant from the evaporator, By doing work, the refrigerant is compressed into a high-temperature and high-pressure gas. The high-temperature and high-pressure gas enters the condenser to exchange heat with water, and is condensed into a low-temperature liquid in the condenser, releasing a large amount of heat. Water absorbs the heat released and the temperature continues to rise. The condensed high-pressure and low-temperature liquid is throttled and depressurized by the expansion valve, and then evaporated into low-pressure gas through the action of a fan in the evaporator, absorbing heat from the surrounding air. It is then sucked into a compressor for compression, which repeatedly circulates to produce hot water.
As a natural phenomenon, just as water flows from high to low, heat always flows from high to low. But people can create machines, just like using pumps to lift water from low to high, using heat pumps can suck heat from low to high temperature areas. So a heat pump is essentially a heat boosting device. The function of a heat pump is to absorb heat from the surrounding environment and transfer it to the heated object (object with higher temperature). Its working principle is the same as a refrigerator, and it operates according to the reverse Carnot cycle. At the same time, heat pumps do not convert electrical energy into thermal energy, and a small amount of electrical energy is only used to improve the quality of heat, so heat pumps are not perpetual motion machines.
When a heat pump is working, it consumes a portion of its energy. It excavates the energy stored in the environmental medium and utilizes it by increasing the temperature through the refrigerant circulation system. However, the entire heat pump device consumes only a small portion of the output power. Therefore, using heat pump technology can save a large amount of high-grade energy.
The heat pump hot water system has advantages such as power saving, safety, and fast heating speed, especially its thermal efficiency exceeding 300%. In the current world energy shortage situation, it will be the main product of future hot water systems. Zhengxu's development and utilization of heat pump technology is an extension and expansion of direct and indirect utilization of solar energy, and also provides a more effective way to prevent thermal pollution and treat the environment.
The heat pump hot water system includes two parts: the heat pump host and the heat exchange storage tank. The main unit of the heat pump includes an air-cooled evaporator, a compressor, and an expansion valve; The heat exchange storage tank is a heat storage tank with built-in condensing coils. The refrigerant (working medium) absorbs heat from the ambient air in the evaporation tube and releases heat from the condensation coil in the water tank through a heat pump cycle, heating the water in the water tank.
